2. Alfred Lee, "Reminiscences of the Gettysburg Battle," Lippincott Magazine, Volume 6 (1883), p. 55.
3. Carl Schurz, "The Battle of Gettysburg," McCIure's Magazine, 29 (July 1907): p. 273.
4. O.R., Pt. 1, pp. 702, 727; Schurz, "The Battle of Gettysburg,"
P. 274. All troop strengths are derived from John Busey and
David Martin, Regimental Strengths at Gettysburg. Longstreet
House: Hightstown, New Jersey, 1982.
5. Schurz, "The Battle of Gettysburg," P. 275. See William R.
Keifer, History of the One Hundred Fifty Third Regiment
Pennsylvania Volunteer Infantry. Easton: Press of the Chemical
Publishing Co, 1905, P. 208, for account of trains slowing
Barlow's march .
New York Monuments Commission for the Battlefields of
Gettysburg and Chattanooga. Final Report on the Battlefield
of Gettysburg. 3 Volumes. Edited by William F. Fox. Albany:
J. B. Lyon Company Printers, 1900, 1902, Volume 1, P. 378.
(hereafter abbreviated as NYGB). According to the 45th New
York, which led the 11th Corps march, they arrived in Gettysburg at 11:30 a.m. Although possible this seems too early,
the time of arrival was based upon the clock in the town
square which may have been slow. The regiment probably arrived between 12 and 12:30 p.m.
6. Louise W. Hitz, ed., The Letters of Frederick C. Winkler.
Privately Printed, 1963, p. 61.
7. Francis C. Barlow to Robert T. Paine, August 12, 1863; Barlow
to unknown, probably July 11, 1863. Barlow Papers, Massachusetts Historical Society.
8. Worthington C. Ford, ed., War Letters of John C. Gray and
John C. Ropes. Houghton Mifflin Co.: Boston & New York,
1927, p. 146; Winkler, P. 52.
9. NYGB, Vol. 1, P. 378.
10. O.R., Pt. 1, P. 754.
111. Ibid., P. 727. Statement of Francis C. Barlow to John Bachelder, see: John Bachelder, Manuscript History of the Battle of
Gettysburg, Gettysburg National Military Park (hereafter referred to as Bachelder); Volume 6, P. 185.
112. Keifer, Pennsylvania, P. 208; O.R., Pt. 1, p. 715; Statement of Barlow in Bachelder, Vol. 6, P. 185.
113. NYGB, Vol. 1, P. 378. O.R., Pt. 1, P. 784.
114. O.R., Pt. 1, p. 754. Pt. 2, P. 603.
115. Schurz, "The Battle of Gettysburg," P. 276. The farmhouse that
Schurz mentions he went to the roof of was certainly the Hagy
Farm which means Irsch cleared this position of Blackford's
men. Also see: NYGB, Vol. 1, P. 378.
116. Philip Brown to John Bachelder, April 4, 1864. Bachelder
Papers (BP), New Hampshire Historical Society (NHHS).
17. O.R., Pt. 1, 754. Pt. 2, P. 603; Bates, Samuel P. History of the
Pennsylvania Volunteers. B. Singerly: Harrisburg, 1869, Vol. 2,
P. 896.
18. Ibid., pp. 742, 745; Lee, "Reminiscences of the Gettysburg
Battle," P. 55.
19. Lee, "Reminiscences of the Gettysburg Battle," p. 55,
20. O.R., Pt. 1, p. 745.
22. O.R., Pt. 1, P. 728; Schurz, "The Battle of Gettysburg," p. 276.
23. Keifer, 153rd Pennsylvania, P. 209. The Hagy Farm is the only
farmhouse on the Mummasburg Road where Schurz could have
had the view he describes.
24. Oliver 0. Howard, "The Campaign and Battle of Gettysburg,"
Atlantic Monthly, 13 (8 July 1876), P. 38; O.R., Pt. 1, pp. 702,
728.
25. NYGB, Vol. 1, P. 597.
26. O.R., Pt. 1, p. 728; Schurz, "The Battle of Gettysburg," p. 21
27. Ibid., p. 276.
28. Bachelder, Vol. 6, pp. 185-86; O.R., Pt. 2, P. 603. Pt. 1, pp. 79
754; Philip Brown to Bachelder, April 14, 1864. The precise
position of the 82nd Illinois is difficult to pin down. They apparently were in support of Dilger and Wheeler and remained
in that role throughout the first day. The 157th New York's
initial position of deployment was near the Hagy Farm, where
they placed a monument.
29. Barlow statement in Bachelder, Vol. 6, pp. 185-86; Keifer, 153rd
. 210.
30. Captain James Brown to Bachelder, April 8, 1864. BP. NHHS.
Brown was Ames' AAG at Gettysburg.
31. O.R., Pt. 1, P. 713.
32. Keifer, 153rd Pennsylvania, P. 210; NYGB, Vol. 2, P. 568.
33. Clyde Miller to Bachelder, March 2, 1884. BP, NHHS. Also
see Keifer, 153rd Pennsylvania, P. 210. Ruch, who was a member of F Company stated that Companies A and B wer
34. Keifer, 153rd Pennsylvania, pp. 140, 182.
35. Ibid., pp. 210-11.
36. NYGB, Vol. 2, p. 568; Vol. 1, P. 404; Keifer, 153rd Pennsylvania, p. 211; Miller to Bachelder, March 2, 1884.
37. Andrew L. Harris to Bachelder, March 14, 1881. BP, NHHS;
O.R., Pt. 1, P. 717.
38. O.R., Pt. 1, P. 717. The fire was extinguished, probably with the
help of Mr. Benner. On July 2, Union artillery set the house
on fire a second time and Benner again extinguished it. See
Theodore Dodge "Left Wounded on the Field," Putnam's
Monthly Magazine, Volume 4 (September 1869).
39. O.R., Pt. 2, P. 495.
40. Jubal Early, War Memoirs. Edited by Flank E. Vandiver,
Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 1960, P. 267; O.R.,
Pt. 2, pp. 468, 492.
41. Barlow Statement in Bachelder, Vol. 6, P. 186.
42. O.R., Pt. 1, P. 756; Battles and Leaders, Vol. 3, P. 281; Francis
Barlow to Mother, July 7, 1863. Barlow Papers, MHS.
43. Barlow to Mother, July 7, 1863. Presumably, the battery was
Capt. Lewis Heckman's K, 1st Ohio Lt.
44. O.R., Pt. 1, pp. 756, 757.
45. Barlow to Mother, July 7, 1863; O.R., Pt. 1, pp. 712, 715; James
Brown to Bachelder, April 4, 1864; Andrew L. Harris to Bachelder, March 14, 1881. BP, NHHS.
46. Barlow to Mother, July 7, 1863.
47. O.R., Pt. 2, pp. 468, 492, 582.
48. Ibid., P. 492.
49. Keifer, 153rd Pennsylvania, pp. 140-141; O.R., Pt. 1, pp. 756.
50. O.R., Pt. 2, P. 492; Nichols, G. W. A Soldier's Story of His
Regiment and Incidentally of the Lawton-Gordon-Evans
Brigade, Army of Northern Virginia. Jessup, Georgia?, 1898,
p. 116. Nichols served in the 61st Georgia ?,
51. Keifer, 153rd Pennsylvania, pp. 211-12.
52. Ibid., p. 212.
53. Ibid., P. 214.
54. Ibid., pp. 178, 252. Rush wrote that this unknown lieutenant
was made of "sterling stuff."
5 5. O.R., Pt. 1, pp. 756, 757. Merkle and Bancroft must have been
relatively close to one another, but their reports make it clear
that Bancroft retired separately of Merkle.
56. Ibid., P. 2, p. 492. Pt. 1, pp. 715, 719; Andrew L. Harris to
Bachelder, March 14, 1881, BP, NHHS; John Tyler Butts, ed,
A Gallant Captain of The Civil War. F. Tennyson Neely: New
York, London, 1902, P. 76. This is the memoirs of Captain
Frederick 0. von Fretch, a member of von Gilsa's staff.
57. William H. Warren Journal, Yale University. O.R.. Pt. 1.
P. 717.
58. Barlow to Mother, July 7, 1863.
59. Harris to Bachelder, March 14, 1881. BP, NHHS.
60. O.R., Pt. 1, P. 745; Lee, "Reminiscences of the Gettysburg Battle, P. 56.
61. O.R., Pt. 1, P. 745; Lee, P. 56; O.R, Pt 2, P. 585.
62. O.R., Pt. 1, P. 742. Willis gives the impression that the 2nd
Brigade retired in good order. That may be, but by the time
they reached the edge of town many had left the ranks. Fred
Winkler related that only 100 to 150 men of the brigade were
rallied at the edge of town. See Winkler, P. 70.
63. O.R, Pt. 1, P. 745.
64. Applegate, John S. Reminiscences and Letters of George Arrowsmith of New Jersey. Red Bank: John H. Cook, 1893, P. 216.
65. O.R., Pt. 2, pp. 585-586.
66. Ibid., Applegate, P. 217.
67. Keifer, 153rd Pennsylvania, P. 215; Nichols, P. 116; O.R, Pt. 1,
P. 712. Pt. 2, P. 493.
68. Winkler, P. 70; NYGB, Vol. 3, P. 1051. Vol. 2, P. 918. Hays'
or Gordon's skirmishers had probably driven the 17th Connecticut skirmishers out of Benner's Farm long before the general
advance of Hays and Avery began.
69. Winkler, pp. 69-70. NYBG Vol. III, p. 1051. Sgt. Cha
McKay (3 years with the Crescent and the Star) from the
National Tribune Scrapbook, Washington, D.C., n.d.
70. O.R., Pt. 1, p. 755.
71. Winkler, p. 71.
72. O.R., Pt. 1, p. 105l. Pt. 2, p. 484; Sgt. Charles McKay, "Three
Years With the Crescent and the Star," National Tribune
Scrapbook, Washington, D.C., n.d. Copy Gettysburg NMP
library. This and other items related to 154th New York were
donated to Gettysburg NMP by Mark Dunkleman.
73. McKay "Three Years... ;" Letter of John F. Wellman print
in the Ellicotville, New York, Post, September 5, 1888. Copy
at Gettysburg NMP.
74. Bates, History of Pennsylvania Volunteers, Vol. 2, p. 39
NYGB, Vol. 2, P. 918. Vol 3, p. 10 5 1.
75. NYGB, Vol. 3, P. 1051; Adj. Alan" Crosby to Maj. Sam
G. Love, March 18, 1864. Published in the Jamestown (New
York) Journal; "Civil War Diary and Related Sources of
Corporal Newell Burch," courtesy John Q. Imholte, ed, and
the Minnesota Historical society. Copy.at Gettysburg NMP.
76. O.R., Pt. 2, p. Avery Pt. 11 p; Heckman. Winkler, pp. 70-71.
77. NYGB, Vol. 1, pp. 150-151, 179-183; O.R., Pt. 1, pp. 182-83; Pt.
2, pp. 340-42.
e on the
skirmish line rather than A and F. Schaum survived his wound.
